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Uhlelo Oluzenzakalelayo Lokufaka Amakhemikhali Emanzini Okupholisa Ajikelezayo | Haidi
Kwadalwa ngo 09.17
Uhlelo Lokufaka Amakhemikhali Okuzenzakalelayo Lwamanzi Apholileyo Ajikelezayo | Haidi
Isingeniso: Kungani Ukwelashwa Kwamanzi Apholileyo Ajikelezayo Kuba Nzima
Ama-sistimu wamanzi okupholisa ezimbonini asengaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu namuhla kunanoma yisiphi isikhathi emashumini amathathu eminyaka edlule. Izimboni zisebenzisa ama-heat exchanger ngemithwalo yokushisa ephezulu, zisebenzisa kabusha amanzi okugcwalisa anokuhlukahluka okubanzi, futhi zikhipha umkhiqizo owengeziwe emibhoshongweni yokupolisa ekhona. Ngasikhathi sinye, imithetho yokulahla mayelana ne-phosphate, i-zinc, nezinsalela ze-biocide iyaqhubeka nokuqina cishe kuzo zonke izifunda. Umphumela uwukuthi kunensimu yokusebenza encane lapho i-chemistry yamanzi kufanele igcinwe ngokunemba okungenakufinyelelwa ukulinganisa ngesandla. Yingakho kanye ukusetshenziswa kwesistimu ezenzakalelayo yokulinganisa amakhemikhali emanzini okupholisa ajikelezayo kusukile ekubeni ukuthuthukiswa "okuhle ukuba nakho" kwaba yimpahla eyinhloko yokuthembeka ezimbonini zamandla, ezimbonini zokucwenga uwoyela, ezimbonini zensimbi, nasezikhungweni zedatha.
Ukufaka amakhemikhali ngendlela enembile kubalulekile ngoba zonke izimo zokwehluleka kumjikelezo wokupholisa zibangelwa amakhemikhali. Ukufaka isivimbeli sokukhula kwesikhumba ngaphansi kwesilinganiso ngisho izinsuku ezimbalwa kungafaka i-calcium carbonate ku-condenser tube bundle okungabiza amaviki okuvalwa komsebenzi ukuze kuhlanzwe. Ukufaka isibulala-magciwane ngaphezu kwesilinganiso kuchitha imali, kukhuphula ubuthi obukhishwayo, futhi empeleni kungasheshisa ukugqwala ngokuphazamisa ifilimu evikelayo. Isivimbeli sokugqwala esiphuma esigabeni saso esihlosiwe singagqamisa insimbi ye-carbon ngaphakathi kwesizini eyodwa. Lapho i-pH, i-conductivity, kanye ne-oxidant residual kulawulwa ngokuqhubekayo esikhundleni sokuhlolwa kanye ngeshifti, zonke lezi zingozi ziba yinto ejwayelekile, elawulekayo futhi ebikezelwayo. I-Haidi Environment (Tianjin) CO.,LTD yakha ama-hardware kanye ne-control logic eyenza lo mkhuba ube okuzenzakalelayo futhi kubonakale.
Ukuqonda Ukwelashwa Kwamanzi Apholileyo Ajikelezayo
Amanzi okupolisa ajikelezayo ayindawo yamakhemikhali eguquguqukayo eshintsha ngokushisa kwendawo, umthwalo wokukhiqiza, izinga lokuhwamuka, kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi engezwayo. Njengoba amanzi ehwamuka embhoshongweni ovulekile, izinto eziqinile ezincibilikile ziyahlangana, futhi imijikelezo yokuhlangana inyuka kuze kube yilapho i-calcium carbonate noma i-calcium phosphate iqala ukujiya ezingxenyeni zensimbi ezishisayo. Umoya-mpilo, ama-chloride, kanye ne-pH eguquguqukayo kuhlasela ifilimu evikelayo ku-carbon steel nama-alloy ethusi. Amanzi afudumele, anomoya-mpilo, acebile ngezakhamzimba futhi ayindawo ekahle yokukhulisa ulwelwe, amagciwane, kanye ne-biofilm, okuvimbela izindawo zokudlulisa ukushisa futhi kufihle amagciwane e-anaerobic corrosion. Uma kungalawulwa, lezi zindlela zihlangana zibe ukungcola okunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-heat exchanger futhi kwandise isidingo samandla empompo. Lona yimpi yezinhlangothi ezine okufanele yonke inhlelo yokwelapha amanzi okupolisa ilwe nayo ngasikhathi sinye.
Uhlelo oluphelele lokwelapha luncike ezinhlotsheni ezine zamakhemikhali ezisebenzayo ezisebenza ndawonye. Izivimbeli zokukhula kwamakristalu, ngokuvamile ama-phosphonate, ama-polyacrylate, noma ama-polymer akhethekile, ziphazamisa ukukhula kwamakristalu futhi zigcine usawoti wamaminerali uhlakazekile esikhundleni sokuthi unqwabelane. Izivimbeli zokugqwala ezifana ne-molybdate, i-zinc, i-azole, ne-orthophosphate blends zakha futhi zigcine ifilimu elincane elivikelayo ezingaphezulu zensimbi. Ama-biocide, okuhlanganisa ama-oxidizing agents afana ne-hypochlorite noma i-bromine kanye nama-non-oxidizing actives, alawula amabhaktheriya e-planktonic futhi asuse i-biofilm esivele ikhona. Ama-dispersant agcina i-iron elengayo, udaka, nezinto eziphilayo zihamba ukuze zikwazi ukususwa ngokuhlunga noma nge-blowdown esikhundleni sokuthi zihlale ezindaweni ezinokugeleza okuphansi. Umkhiqizo ngamunye unewindi lokugxila okuhle, futhi ukusebenza kwehla ngokushesha nhlangothi zombili zalo. Ukuthunyelwa kwemithi ngesandla akukwazi ukugcina izinhlotsheni ezine zamakhemikhali ngaphakathi kwamawindi amane amancane ngenkathi amazinga omthwalo nokuhwamuka eshintsha ihora ngalinye.
Ukulinganiselwa kokusetshenziswa kwemithi ngesandla kubhalwe kahle kulo lonke imboni. Abasebenzi ngokuvamile bakala ipharamitha, bese belungisa i-pump stroke noma bavule ivalvu, okudala iphrofayili yokugxila ene-sawtooth enamagxathu amade ngaphezu nangaphansi kwalokho okuhlosiwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-biocide ngesikhathi esisodwa kudala ukushaqeka okubulala amagciwane kodwa kushiye izinhlobo eziphilayo ezikhula kabusha ngokumelana. Amaphutha abantu, izikhala zokushintshana kwemishifti, ukungabi nabasebenzi abanele emishiftini yasebusuku, kanye nokukhohlwa nje konke kwethula ukuhlukahluka. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ngokuvamile kuphezulu kunalokho okudingekayo ngoba ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kuyimpendulo ephephile yomuntu ekungaqinisekini. Ezikhungweni lapho ukwehla okukodwa kwamanzi okupholisa kungavala umugqa wokukhiqiza, lokho kuhlukahluka kuyingozi yebhizinisi hhayi imininingwane yokulungisa. Indlela yokulinganisa ene-closed-loop enezinsimbi isusa ukuhlukahluka komuntu emjikelezweni ngokuphelele.
Yini Uhlelo Lokufaka Amakhemikhali Okuzenzakalelayo Lwamanzi Apholileyo Ajikelezayo?
I-automatic chemical dosing system yamanzi okupholisa ajikelezayo iyipakeji ehlanganisiwe yezinzwa, izilawuli, amaphampu, kanye nezingxenyeni zokusebenza koketshezi ezikala amakhemikhali amanzi ngokuqhubekayo futhi zijove inani elifanele lekhemikhali ngayinye yokwelapha ngaphandle kokungenelela komsebenzisi. Umgomo wokusebenza uyiluphu yokulawula evaliwe. Isihlaziyi esiku-inthanethi sikala ipharamitha efana ne-pH, i-conductivity, noma i-oxidation-reduction potential bese sithumela isignali kusilawuli esihlelelwe ukusebenza. Isilawuli siqhathanisa inani elikaliwe nesethi yephoyinti bese sibala isenzo sokulungisa sisebenzisa i-proportional, integral, noma i-PID logic. Bese silawula isivinini noma i-stroke yephampu yokulinganisa ukuze sinikeze ngokunembile umthamo odingekayo wekhemikhali. Iluphu iphinda iphindaphinde ngokuqhubekayo, ngakho-ke isistimu isabela ekushintsheni komthwalo phakathi namasekhondi kunokuba kube ngaphakathi kweshifu.
Izingxenye ezibalulekile zohlelo oluklanywe kahle zihlanganisa iphaneli yokulawula noma ikhabethe le-PLC, izinzwa zokuhlaziya, amaphampu okulinganisa amakhemikhali, amathangi okugcina, ama-injection quills, ama-valve okubuyisela umfutho kanye nokuphepha, amakholomu okulinganisa, kanye namapayipi axhumayo. Isilawuli siwubuchopho, siphethe ama-setpoint, imingcele yezexwayo, kanye nezixhumanisi zokuxhumana. Izinzwa zamehlo, futhi ukuzinza kwazo kunquma ukuthi lonke uhlelo lusebenza kahle kangakanani. Amaphampu okulinganisa ayimisipha, futhi kufanele akhethwe ngokulingana ne-viscosity, ukugqwala, kanye nebanga lokulinganisa lamakhemikhali athile. Amathangi okugcina anobukhulu obanele bezinsuku zokusebenza ngokuzimela, ama-level switch, kanye nama-alamu asezingeni eliphansi avimbela ukusebenza komile. Ama-injection quills aklanywe kahle kanye nezindawo zokuxuba ziqinisekisa ukuthi ikhemikhali lisakazeka emanzini amaningi esikhundleni sokusabela endaweni odongeni lwepayipi.
Online monitoring parameters define what the system can actually control. pH measurement governs scale and corrosion chemistry, since carbonate scaling accelerates above roughly pH 8.5 in many waters. Conductivity tracking provides a direct proxy for dissolved solids and drives automatic blowdown control to hold cycles of concentration. Oxidation-reduction potential, or ORP, gives a real-time indication of oxidizing biocide activity and is far more responsive than residual chlorine testing alone. Turbidity and suspended solids indicate fouling risk and filter performance. Residual chlorine analyzers verify that free oxidant is present at the riser return without exceeding discharge limits. Additional inputs such as flow rate, temperature, corrosion coupon data, and tank level complete the picture and let advanced controllers optimize rather than merely react.
Ukusetshenziswa Kohlelo Oluzenzakalelayo Lokufaka Amakhemikhali Emanzini Okupholisa Ajikelezayo
Amathawa okuphelisa ukushisa avulekile ayisicelo esivame kakhulu futhi esidinga kakhulu. Lezi zinhlelo zilahlekelwa amanzi ngokuhwamuka njalo, zigxilisa izinto eziqinile ezincibilikile, futhi zisengozini yelanga, uthuli, namagciwane asemoyeni. Uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo lokufaka amakhemikhali emanzini okupholisa ajikelezayo emthaweni wokuphelisa ukushisa ngokuvamile lulawula ukufakwa kwesivimbeli sokukala ngokulingana nokugeleza kokugcwalisa, ukufakwa kwesibulala-magciwane ngomjikelezo wesikhathi noma oqalwa yi-ORP, nesulfuric acid noma i-caustic yokulungisa i-pH. Ukulawulwa kokukhishwa kwamanzi okusekelwe ku-conductivity kugcina imijikelezo yokugxila kunani eliklanyelwe esikhundleni sokukhuphuka kuze kuqale ukukala. Ngenxa yokuthi umthamo wamanzi omthawa nezinga lokujikeleza kokubili kukhulu, izikhathi zokuphendula ezilinganiswa ngamaminithi ngokuvamile zanele. Inzuzo iwukuthi amakhemikhali azinzile phakathi nokushintshashintsha kwemini nobusuku kanye nezinkathi zonyaka obekungadinga ukunakwa okungapheli komsebenzisi.
Amasistimu okupholisa angavalwa (closed-loop cooling systems) abeka inselelo ehlukile yokulawula ngoba acishe angalahlekelwa ngamanzi futhi ukugxila kwamakhemikhali kushintsha kancane kancane. Lapha isistimu yokufaka umthamo igxila kumasalela e-corrosion inhibitor, i-pH, kanye ne-biocide noma i-glycol yesikhathi esithile esikhundleni sokulawula i-blowdown. Amaphampu okulinganisa anemba kanye nevolumu ephansi ane-turndown enhle kakhulu abalulekile, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kungalinganiswa ngamalitha. Ukuqapha ukugqwala ku-inthanethi kanye nokuthatha amasampuli ngezikhathi ezithile kuqinisekisa ukuthi ifilimu ye-inhibitor ihlala iphelele. Ngoba ama-loop avaliwe avame ukusebenzela imishini ebalulekile njengama-chiller, ama-compressor, neziko le-induction, ama-alamu nezaziso ezikude zibaluleke kakhulu. Ukondliwa okuzenzakalelayo okulungiswe kahle nakho kuqeda umkhuba ojwayelekile wokuthi "ugcwalise" i-loop evaliwe ngomthamo ongahleliwe ngemuva kokuvakasha ngakunye kwenkonzo.
Izimo zezimboni ziyahlukahluka kakhulu, kodwa umqondo wokulawula oyisisekelo udlulela kahle. Izikhungo zokuphehla ugesi zisebenzisa ukufakwa kwemithi okuzenzakalelayo ukuvikela ama-condenser kanye nemijikelezo yokupholisa esizayo lapho ukwehluleka kweshubhu elilodwa kungaphoqa ukwehliswa kweyunithi. Izindawo ze-petrochemical nezingcweti ziyisebenzisa kuma-surface condenser, amanzi e-jacket, nezinhlelo ze-quench ezichayeka ekungeneni kwe-hydrocarbon. Izinkampani zensimbi zilawula ukushisa okuphezulu kanye nezinto ezimisiwe ezisindayo ngokulawula i-dispersant ne-scale inhibitor. Izitshalo zemithi nezokudla zivame ukudinga izinhlelo ze-non-oxidizing biocide ezinombhalo oqinile wezinjongo zokucwaninga. Izitshalo ze-HVAC nezikhungo zedatha zithembela ekuzenzakalelweni ukuvikela ama-chiller nama-plate heat exchanger ngaphandle kokunikezela abasebenzi kukhemistri yamanzi. Kuzo zonke izimo, uhlelo luhlanganiswa nohlelo olukhona kunokuba luluthathe indawo, futhi izilinganiso zokulawula ezinconywe umhlinzeki wamakhemikhali okwelapha ziba yizilungiselelo zomlawuli.
Ukuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo ezikhona zokwelashwa kwamanzi ngokuvamile kulula kodwa kufanele kuhlelwe ngokucophelela. Uhlelo lokufaka amakhemikhali lungamukela amasignali e-analog nedijithali avela kumamitha okuhamba kwamanzi akhona, izilawuli ze-conductivity, kanye nezinhlelo ze-DCS noma ze-SCADA zesikhungo. Lapho uhlelo lwakudala luncike ekuhlolweni kwesandla ngezikhathi ezithile, ukugcinwa kwedatha kwesilawuli kunikeza irekhodi elingachemi elisiza ukuqinisekisa nokuthuthukisa uhlelo lwamakhemikhali. Imikhiqizonjengama-scale ne-corrosion inhibitors, ama-biocides, nama-dispersants kufanele kuhambisane nezinto ezimanzi zepompo ukuze ama-elastomers nezigxivizo zihambisane ngamakhemikhali. Imvamisa inzuzo enkulu yokuhlanganisa akuyona i-hardware ngokwayo kodwa ukuqonda kokuxilonga okukhiqizayo. Idatha yokuthambekela iveza lapho uhlelo lokwelashwa lucindezelwa khona ushintsho lwenqubo ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ukwehluleka okubonakalayo.
Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zohlelo Lokufaka Amakhemikhali Okuzenzakalelayo Lwe-Haidi
Amasistimu ka-Haidi ahlinzeka ngokulawula okunembile kakhulu, kwesikhathi sangempela kokulinganisa imithi okugcina ikhemikhali ngayinye yokwelapha ingaphakathi kwewindi layo elihlosiwe. Ukulawula kwe-PID okuvaliwe kanye nezihlaziyi ezisabela ngokushesha kulungisa umthamo wephampu ngokuqhubekayo, ngakho ukwehla nokukhuphuka kokugxila kukalwa ngemizuzu hhayi ngamahora. Izindlela zokulawula ezilingana nokugeleza kanye neziyisisekelo ze-ppm zivumela isistimu ukuthi ikale ukudla kwekhemikhali ngokuqondile nokugeleza kokugcwalisa noma kokujikeleza. Izilawuli zamashaneli amaningi zilawula amakhemikhali amaningana ngasikhathi sinye, okuhlanganisa isivimbeli sokukala, isivimbeli sokugqwala, isibulala-zinambuzane, nokulungiswa kwe-pH, kusuka kusixhumi esisodwa. Yonke indawo yokumisa, isexwayiso, nomcimbi wokulinganisa kufakwa isikhathi futhi kugcinwe ukuze kulandeleke. Ezingosini okufanele zibonise ukuthobela, leli rekhodi livame ukubaluleka njengokulinganisa ngokwako.
Umphumela wokusebenza yizinga lamanzi elizinzile kanye nokuncipha okukalekayo kwengozi yomhlwa nokugqwala. Izinsalela ezinzile zomvimbeli zigcina ifilimu yokuvikela eqhubekayo esikhundleni sokumboza okunezindawo ezahlukene okukhiqizwa ukufakwa kwesandla ngezikhathi ezithile. I-pH elawulwayo kanye ne-conductivity kuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwe-carbonate okuvala amashubhu e-condenser futhi kunciphise ukudluliswa kokushisa. Ukuphathwa kwe-biocide okungaguquguquki kunciphisa ukukhula kwe-biofilm, okwenza ukusebenza kahle kwe-heat exchanger kuhlale eduze namazinga okuklanywa. I-chemistry ezinzile futhi yehlisa imvamisa yokuhlanza nge-asidi nokuhlanza amashubhu ngomshini, okwandisa impilo yemishini. Ukuphazamiseka okumbalwa kokuhlanza kusho amahora amaningi okukhiqiza ngonyaka, futhi lokho ngokuvamile kuyisici esikhulu kunazo zonke esibalweni sokubuyisela imali.
Ukuncipha kokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali kanye nezindleko zokusebenza kulandela ngokwemvelo ukulinganisa okunembile. Esikhundleni sokweqisa okuhlelekile okuhambisana nokulawula ngesandla, uhlelo lunikeza kuphela lokho amanzi akudingayo ngaleso sikhathi. Ukufakwa okuvamile kubika ukonga kwamakhemikhali ebangeni lama-15 kuya kuma-30 ekhulwini ngemuva kokushintsha kusuka ekulawuleni ngesandla kuya ekulawuleni okuzenzakalelayo. Umthamo wokukhipha amanzi angancishiswa ngoba imijikelezo yokugxila igcinwa ngokungaguquki ezingeni eliphezulu eliphephile, okunciphisa zombili izindleko zokuthenga amanzi nokulahla. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwephampu kuyehla njengoba izindawo zokudlulisa ukushisa zihlala zihlanzekile futhi ukwehla kwengcindezi kuma-exchanger kuhlala kuphansi. Amahora okusebenza ayechithwa ekuhloleni ngesandla nasekulungiseni amaphampu asetshenziselwa umsebenzi ophakeme, okuyinzuzo yangempela yokukhiqiza endaweni enqunyelwe yabasebenzi.
Ukonga amandla nokuhambisana nemvelo kuyasekelana kulezi zinhlelo. Izindawo zokudlulisa ukushisa ezihlanzekile zinciphisa umfutho wokubuyela emuva we-condenser noma i-chiller lift, kunciphise isidingo samandla e-compressor namaphampu ngqo. Ukuncipha kwe-blowdown kusho amandla okushisa amancane kanye nezinsalela zamakhemikhali ezimbalwa ezikhishwa emvelweni. Ukulawulwa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-biocide kugwema iziqongo zokukhishwa okungahle kweqe imikhawulo yemvume ye-oxidant esele. Ukugcinwa kwedatha kunikeza ubufakazi abalawuli nabacwaningi mabhuku abakufunayo ngokwanda. Ezimakethe ezinezinjongo zokusimama zenkampani, ukuncipha kwamanzi namandla kuyalinganiseka futhi kuyabikwa. Abasebenzi nabo bayazuza ekunciphiseni ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali agxilile, njengoba izinhlelo ezivaliwe zithatha indawo yamabhakede avulekile nokwengezwa ngesandla.
I-architecture yokulawula ehlakaniphile iyisisekelo sofilosofi wokuklama we-Haidi. Amapulatifomu asekelwe ku-PLC ne-SCADA ahlinzeka ngokusebenza kwesikrini sokuthinta sendawo, ukuqapha kude, nokuxhumana namanethiwekhi okuzilawula kwezimboni wonke ngama-Modbus, i-Ethernet, noma izixhumanisi ze-OPC. Izaziso ze-alamu zingathunyelwa nge-imeyili, nge-SMS, noma egumbini lokulawula elimaphakathi ukuze abasebenzi abangaphandle basabele ngokushesha. Amathuluzi okuloga idatha yomlando nokubika avumela onjiniyela ukuthi bahlobanise ikhemistri yamanzi nokusebenza kwemishini phakathi nezinyanga. I-Imikhiqizo1 umugqa wamapulatifomu okufaka umuthi ahlakaniphile kanye nemishini yokulingisa kusekela le ndlela, kunikeza amakhasimende indlela yokuqinisekisa amasu okulawula ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa okugcwele. Ukwakhiwa okuqinile, okungagqwali ngokugqwala ngezinto ezikhethelwe ikhemikhali ngayinye, kanye namakhanda amapompo afinyeleleka kalula namakholomu okulinganisa, kwenza ukunakekela kube lula futhi kubikezeleke.
Kungani Ukhetha I-Haidi Environment (Tianjin) CO.,LTD
I-Haidi Environment (Tianjin) CO.,LTD ingumhlinzeki okhethekile wamakhemikhali nezinsiza zokuhlanza amanzi ezimbonini, okhonza izinhlelo zamanzi okupholisa, ama-boiler, kanye ne-reverse osmosis. Le nkampani ihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokwakha amakhemikhali nobunjiniyela bemishini nokulawula, okuyinto engajwayelekile emakethe evamise ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwabathengisi bamakhemikhali nabathengisi bemishini. Leyo nhlanganisela isho ukuthi uhlelo lokufaka imithi kanye nohlelo lokwelapha kwakhiwa ndawonye esikhundleni sokuhlanganiswa ngemuva kokuthenga. Amakhasimende azuza ekubeni nomthwalo owodwa wokuziphendulela ngemiphumela yekhwalithi yamanzi. Iphothifoliyo yale nkampani yethulwa ku-Ikhaya ikhasi kanye nayo yonke imikhiqizo yalo.
Ukuklanywa kobunjiniyela okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwesistimu yizona zinto eziyisisekelo eziqavile. Wonke umsebenzi uqala ngokubuyekezwa kokuhlaziywa kwamanzi, ukuhlolwa kwephrofayela yomthwalo, kanye nokuchazwa kwezilinganiso zokulawula okuhlosiwe kukhemikhali ngayinye. Onjiniyela babe sebalinganisa amaphampu, amathangi, izinzwa, namakhabethe ngokomthwalo wangempela esikhundleni sokukhetha kukhathalogi ejwayelekile. Ama-skid emifudlana eminingi, ukuphindaphinda kwamaphampu amabili, kanye nokujova kukhemikhali kwendawo ngayinye konke kuyizilungiselelo ezijwayelekile. Umqondo wesilawuli uhlelwa ngokohlelo lwekhemistri lomklami kanye namazinga emboni. Lapho imboni inayo i-DCS ekhona, uHaidi uhlinzeka ngokumephwa kwezimpawu kanye nokuhlelwa kokuxhumana okudingekayo ukuze kuhlanganiswe kahle. Lokhu kujula kobunjiniyela yikho okuguqula i-skid yokufaka umthamo ibe yisixazululo sokwelashwa esisebenzayo.
Ukukhiqizwa kwekhwalithi, ukuhlolwa, kanye nokugunyazwa kusekela imishini. Amaphaneli ahlanganiswa futhi ahlolwe ngokusebenza ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, kanti iluphu ngayinye yepompo iqinisekiswa kulo lonke uhla lwayo. Ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic kuqinisekisa ubuqotho bamapayipi namathangi, futhi amaphaneli kagesi ahlolwa ngokuvumelana namazinga asebenzayo. Amarekhodi okulinganisa nokuqinisekisa kwesihlaziyi ahambisana nayo yonke isistimu ethunyelwayo. Amaphakethe emibhalo afaka amadrowings, izinhlu zezinto ezisetshenziswayo, izitifiketi zokulinganisa, kanye nezincwadi zokusebenza. Imibhalo ehleleke kahle inciphisa kakhulu ukuhlolwa kokwamukelwa kwesizinda futhi yehlisa ingozi yokubambezeleka kokuqalisa ukusebenza.
Isevisi yomhlaba wonke, ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe, kanye nokuhlinzekwa ngemuva kokuthengisa kugcina amasistimu esebenza isikhathi eside ngemuva kokufakwa. Ukwesekwa kokusebenza kuhlanganisa ukusungulwa endaweni, ukulungiswa kwama-loop, nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kukho kokubili imishini kanye namakhemikhali amanzi ayisisekelo. Ukuxilongwa kude kuvumela ochwepheshe ukuthi babuyekeze izitayela kanye nomlando wezexwayiso ngaphambi kokuthumela uhambo lwesevisi, okunciphisa isikhathi sokuphazamiseka. Izingxenye ezisetshenziswayo, amaphampu ayisipele, izinzwa, kanye nezixazululo zokulinganisa zigcinwa ukuze kusekelwe ukushintshwa okusheshayo. Izikhawu zesevisi zihlelwa ngokwekhalenda lokunakekela lekhasimende kunokuba zibekwe ngenkani. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezixazululo ezijwayelekile zokufaka umuthi ezakhelwe kumasethi wezikhathi kanye nama-valve okusebenza ngesandla, indlela enezinsimbi ye-Haidi inikeza ukulawula okuphezulu, imibhalo engcono, kanye nezindleko eziphansi zobunikazi bese.
Umhlahlandlela Wokukhetha Izinhlelo Ezizenzakalelayo Zokufaka Amakhemikhali
Ukukhetha uhlelo olufanele kuqala ngencazelo ecacile yesevisi yamanzi okupholisa. Onjiniyela badinga umthamo wohlelo, izinga lokujikeleza, izinga lokugcwalisa amanzi, izinga lokuhwamuka, kanye nemijikelezo evamile yokugxila. Uhlelo lwamakhemikhali lunquma ukuthi yimaphi amapharamitha okufanele alinganiswe nokuthi yimaphi amakhemikhali okufanele anikezwe ngokuzimela. Indlela yokulawula iyisinqumo esilandelayo: ukuphakela okulula okulingana nokugeleza, impendulo yomjikelezo ovaliwe evela kusihlaziyi, noma isu elihlanganisiwe elinezinto zokubikezela nokuphendula. Izidingo zokuxhumana, kuhlanganise neprotocol nokugcinwa kwedatha, kufanele kuchazwe kusenesikhathi ngoba kuthonya ukukhethwa kwesilawuli. Ekugcineni, indawo etholakalayo, ukuhlelwa kokugcinwa kwamakhemikhali, kanye nemithetho yokuphepha yesikhungo kubumba ukuhlelwa komzimba.
Ukulinganisa izingxenye ngazinye kudinga ukunakwa kokubili izimo ezizinzile nezesikhashana. Amaphampu okulinganisa kufanele akwazi ukusingatha umthamo omkhulu olindelekile emthwalweni ophezulu kakhulu ngenkathi esalinganisa ngokunembile ekugelezeni okuncane, yingakho isilinganiso sokunciphisa sibalulekile njengomthamo ogama. Amathangi okugcina kufanele ahlinzeke okungenani izinsuku ezimbalwa zokuzimela futhi afake ukuvalelwa kwesibili lapho kudingeka. Ukukhethwa kwenzwa kuncike ekhemistri yamanzi: amanye amanzi adinga ukuhlanza okuzenzakalelayo noma ama-probe okuzihlola ukuze ahlale ethembekile. Amakhabethe okulawula kufanele alinganiswe eziteshini ezifakiwe kanye nokwanda kwesikhathi esizayo okunengqondo, futhi adinga ukuvikelwa okufanele kokungena endaweni yesitshalo. Ukuphindaphinda esiteshini samakhemikhali esibaluleke kakhulu kuvame ukuthethelelwa yizindleko zokuphuma okukodwa.
U-Haidi usekela ukuhlelwa nokwenza ngokwezifiso kwephrojekthi kusukela esigabeni sokuqala somqondo. Onjiniyela basiza amaklayenti ukuhumusha izinhloso zohlelo lokwelapha zibe yizilungiselelo zesilawuli kanye nemikhawulo yezexwayiso. Lapho isitshalo sicabanga ukuthuthukisa isistimu, u-Haidi angahlinzeka ngethuluzi lokulingisa ukulingisa ukuziphatha kokulawula ngaphambi kokuzibophezela ekusetshenzisweni okugcwele. Ukuhlolwa kwesizinda kuhlonza izithiyo ezingokoqobo ezifana nezindawo zokujova, umzila wekhebula, kanye nokufinyelela kokulethwa kwamakhemikhali. Iziphakamiso zesabelomali zifaka izilinganiso zezindleko zokusebenza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza ukuze inzuzo ekutshalweni kwezimali ingahlolwa ngendlela engokoqobo. Kuyo yonke inqubo, inhloso iwukuba kube nesistimu abasebenzi abazoyethemba futhi bayisebenzise ngempela, hhayi iphepha lezincazelo elibukeka lihle kodwa elisebenza kabi ensimini.
Ukufakwa, Ukuqaliswa, Nokunakekelwa
Izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokufaka ziqala kude ngaphambi kokuba i-skid ifike endaweni. Izindawo zokujova kufanele zibe sezindaweni ezinokuxubana okuhle futhi zibe ngaphansi kwanoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kokugeleza, kube namapayipi aqondile anele ukukhuthaza ukuxubana. Izinzwa kufanele zifakwe lapho zibona khona amanzi amelela esikhundleni samanzi amile noma imigwaqo engasebenzi. Imigqa yamasampuli kufanele ibe mifushane, yehle ngendlela efanele, futhi ingabi nazicu zomoya ezingabangela ukufundwa okungaqondile. Amandla kagesi, ukuxhumeka phansi, kanye nezintambo zesignali kufanele zilandele izincomo zomkhiqizi ukugwema ukuphazamiseka kumasignali e-analyzer. Izindlela zokulethwa kwamakhemikhali kanye nokugcinwa kokuchitheka kudinga ukuhlelwa ngokubambisana nabasebenzi bezokuphepha besikhungo. Ukuhlela ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokufaka kuvimbela izinkinga eziningi ezingavela ngesikhathi sokuqalisa ukusebenza.
Ukulinganisa kanye nokunakekelwa kwezinzwa kunquma ukunemba kwesikhathi eside. Ama-pH probe adinga ukulinganiswa njalo ngezixazululo ezintsha ze-buffer kanye nokuhlanzwa ngezikhathi ukuze kususwe uwoyela, i-biofilm, kanye ne-scale. Amaseli e-conductivity kufanele aqinisekiswe ngokumelene nezixazululo ezijwayelekile futhi ahlolwe ukuthi awanakho yini ukungcola. Ama-ORP kanye nama-analyzer e-chlorine esele kufanele ahlanzwe futhi alinganiswe ngezikhathi ezihambisana nokuthambekela kokungcola kwamanzi. Amaphampu okulinganisa kufanele aqinisekiswe ngomthamo kusetshenziswa ikholomu yokulinganisa, futhi ama-valve nawo ama-diaphragm awo ahlolwe ukuthi akagugi noma awanayo yini i-crystallization. Ukugcina irekhodi elilula lokunakekela elinezinsuku, amanani, kanye nezinyathelo zokulungisa kwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuthola ukwehla kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Izinzwa ezinakekelwa kahle ziyisisekelo sazo zonke ezinye izinzuzo ezihlinzekwa uhlelo.
Izinqubo zokuphepha nokuphathwa kwamakhemikhali zifanele ukunakwa ngendlela efanayo nanoma yiluphi olunye uhlelo lwesitshalo. Amathangi okugcina kufanele abe ngaphakathi kwesiqukathi sesibili esilinganiswe ukuthi sithwale umthamo ogcwele wesitsha esikhulu kunazo zonke. Izinto zokuzivikela ezifanele, izindawo zokugeza amehlo, namakhithi okuchitheka kufanele kutholakale eduze kwendawo yokulinganisa. Ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali kufanele kuqinisekiswe kuzo zonke izingxenye ezimanzi, kuhlanganise nezimpawu, ama-diaphragm, amashubhu, nezinhloli zokujova. Ukungena komoya kubalulekile lapho kugcinwa khona amakhemikhali akhipha umoya noma abilayo. Ukwehlukaniswa kwamakhemikhali angahambisani, ikakhulukazi ama-biocide okwehlisa ukugqwala nama-asidi agxilile, kuvimbela ukusabela okuyingozi. Izinqubo ezibhaliwe nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kuguqula lezi zinyathelo zibe yimikhuba yansuku zonke esikhundleni sezikhumbuzo ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukuxazulula izinkinga kuba lula kakhulu lapho uhlelo luzibhalela umlando walo. Uma izilinganiso zishintsha, onjiniyela bangabuyekeza izitayela ukuze bahlukanise ukungcola kwezinzwa noshintsho lwangempela lwamakhemikhali. Amalogi e-alamu embula ukuthi ngabe amaphampu ahlulekile, amathangi aphela amanzi, noma amavalvu e-blowdown abambekile. Ukuxilongwa kude kuvumela ochwepheshe bakwa-Haidi ukuthi bahlole idatha yesilawuli nokuhlelwa ngaphandle kokulinda ukuvakasha endaweni. Izinkinga eziningi ezibonakalayo zokuthuma amanzi zivela ziyizinkinga zokuthatha isampula, ukungena komoya, noma i-injection quill evaleke kancane kunokuba kube yiphutha lokulawula. Ukulandelana okuhlelekile kokuxazulula izinkinga, kusukela ekuqinisekiseni izinzwa kuya ekukhishweni kwephampu kuya kumqondo wokulawula, kuxazulula izinkinga eziningi ngokushesha. Ukuvakasha kokugcinwa okuvimbelayo okujwayelekile kunciphisa kakhulu imvamisa yokubizwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo.
Izifundo Zocwaningo Nemiphumela
Kuzo zonke izindawo zokufakwa kwamanzi okupholisa ezimbonini, iphethini yokuthuthuka iyafana ngendlela emangalisayo. Uhlelo olujwayelekile lwe-open cooling tower olusuka ekufakeni ngokwesandla luye ekulawuleni okuzenzakalelayo lubona izinsalela ze-scale inhibitor zizinzile endaweni encane esikhundleni sokushintshashintsha kakhulu. Ukulawulwa kwe-conductivity kugcina imijikelezo yokugxila kunani eliklanyelwe, kunciphisa umthamo we-blowdown ngenani elibalulekile. Izinsalela ze-biocide zihlala zingaphakathi kwemikhawulo evunyelwe phakathi nezikhathi zomthwalo ophezulu kanye nomthwalo ophansi. Amazinga e-corrosion coupon ehla njengoba amafilimu e-inhibitor ehlala eqhubeka. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, amazinga okushisa e-condenser approach ayezinza futhi imvamisa yokuhlanza amashubhu ngokwesandla iyehla.
Izinzuzo ezilinganisekayo zivame ukuvela ezigabeni ezintathu. Okokuqala, ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yamanzi kubhalwa ngemininingwane eqhubekayo yokuthambekela kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwaselabhorethri ngezikhathi ezithile. Okwesibili, ukonga kwamakhemikhali ngokuvamile kusukela ku-15 kuya ku-30 ekhulwini ngoba ukunemba kuthatha indawo yokuqagela kanye nokweqisa okuhleliwe. Okwesithathu, ukuncipha kwesikhathi sokuvalwa kwemishini kubangelwa ukuncipha kwezikhathi zokuvalwa kokuhlanza kanye nezinkinga zemishini ezingalindelekile ezimbalwa. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zesikhungo sedatha kanye ne-HVAC zivame ukubika izinzuzo ezengeziwe zokusebenza kahle kwe-chiller njengoba izindawo zokudlulisa ukushisa zihlala zihlanzekile. Amakhasimende e-petrochemical kanye namandla azisa kakhulu ukuncipha kokuncishiswa okuphoqelekile. Ndawonye, le miphumela ivamise ukukhiqiza isikhathi sokubuyisela esilinganiswa ngezinyanga hhayi ngeminyaka.
Imbuyiselo yokutshalwa kwezimali nokuthembeka kokusebenza kuqinisa okunye ngokunye phakathi nokuphila kwemishini. Ukonga kuqhubeka kunqwabelana kusuka kumakhemikhali, amanzi, amandla, kanye nabasebenzi, kuyilapho ukwehluleka okugwemwayo kuletha izinzuzo ezinkulu, ezingajwayelekile okulula ukuzishaya indiva kuze kwenzeke. Amasistimu azihambelayo nawo athuthukisa ulwazi lwesikhungo, njengoba idatha yamathrendi iphila isikhathi eside kunokushintsha kwabasebenzi futhi igcina isizathu sezinqumo zokulawula. Abasebenzi bathola ukuzethemba kokuthi amashifu asebusuku nangempelasonto ayakhushulwa njengoba kwenzeka emashifini emini. Ukuhlelwa kwesondlo kuba ukubikezela esikhundleni sokusabela, ngoba ukudonsa kwenzwa nokuguga kwephampu kubonakala kudatha. Leyo nhlanganisela yokonga okuqhubekayo nokugwema izinhlekelele iyona eyenza ukuzihambela kube yinto ekhangayo kumasistimu okupholisa abalulekile.
Isiphetho Nesicelo Sokwenza
Ukusetshenziswa kwesistimu yokufaka amakhemikhali ngokuzenzakalelayo emanzini okupholisa ajikelezayo kubhekana nobuthakathaka obuyinhloko bezinhlelo zokwelashwa ngesandla: ukuguquguquka. Ngokulinganisa amakhemikhali ngokuqhubekayo nokulungisa ukudla ngesikhathi sangempela, lezi zinhlelo zigcina izivimbeli zekhala, izivimbeli zokugqwala, ama-biocide, nama-dispersant ngaphakathi kwezikhathi zawo eziqondiwe kungakhathaliseki umthwalo noma isimo sezulu. Umphumela uwukuthi izindawo zokudlulisa ukushisa zihlanzekile, impilo yemishini yinde, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali namanzi kuncishisiwe, kanye nedatha yokuhambisana ebhaliwe. Ezimbonini lapho ukuthembeka kwamanzi okupholisa kuthinta ngqo ukukhiqiza, isizathu sebhizinisi ngokuvamile sicacile. Ukuzenzakalela kuguqula ukwelashwa kwamanzi kusuka emthonjeni oqhubekayo wokungaqiniseki kube inqubo elawulwayo, elingakelekayo.
I-Haidi Environment (Tianjin) CO.,LTD ihlinzeka ngamakhemikhali, imishini, kanye nobunjiniyela ukuze lokhu kuguquka kuphumelele. Kusukela ekuhlaziyweni kwamanzi kokuqala kuya ekwakhiweni kwesistimu, ukukhiqizwa, ukufakwa, kanye nesevisi yesikhathi eside, inkampani isekela amakhasimende kuzo zonke izigaba. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isidingo i-cooling tower skid eyodwa noma isisombululo se-multi-stream plant-wide esihlanganiswe ne-SCADA, i-Haidi yenza ukulungiselelwa ngendlela efanele umsebenzi wangempela. Ithimba lethu lingabuyekeza uhlelo lwenu lwamanje, likhombe izikhala zokulawula, futhi liphakamise isistimu ezikhokhelayo ngokwayo ngokonga amakhemikhali, amanzi, namandla. Ukuze nixoxe ngesisombululo esilungiselelwe se-automatic chemical dosing sesistimu yenu yamanzi okupholisa ajikelezayo, xhumana ne-Haidi Environment (Tianjin) CO.,LTD futhi ucele ukubonisana kwezobuchwepheshe.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Yimaphi amakhemikhali uhlelo lokufaka amakhemikhali okuzenzakalelayo lwamanzi okupholisa ajikelezayo olungawaphatha?
Uhlelo lokufaka amakhemikhali ngokuzenzakalela oluhlelwe kahle lwamanzi okupholisa ajikelezayo lungakala cishe noma yimaphi amakhemikhali okwelapha awuketshezi asetshenziswa emigodini yokupholisa yezimboni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izivimbeli zekhwele njengama-phosphonate nama-polyacrylate, izivimbeli zokugqwala ezisekelwe ku-molybdate, i-zinc, i-azole, noma izingxube ze-phosphate, ama-biocide ashisayo nangashisi, ama-dispersant, amakhemikhali okulungisa i-pH njenge-sulfuric acid noma i-caustic, kanye nama-antifoam. Umkhawulo obalulekile ukuhambisana kwezinto, ngakho amakhanda amaphampu, ama-diaphragm, ama-seal, amashubhu, namathangi kufanele akhethwe ngokuya ngokugxila nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali athile. Imikhiqizo ene-viscous ephezulu noma i-slurry ingase idinge ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile bamaphampu noma ukuhlanjululwa. Onjiniyela bakwa-Haidi babuyekeza uhlelo oluphelele lwamakhemikhali futhi bacacise izinto ezimanzi ngokufanele.
Ukunemba kokulawulwa kwesilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwezinto kuhambisana kangakanani nokufakwa ngesandla?
Amasistimu ezenzakalelayo ngokuvamile agcina ukugxila kwamakhemikhali okwelapha kungaphakathi kwamaphesenti ambalwa endaweni ebekiwe, kuyilapho ukulinganisa ngesandla ngokuvamile kukhiqiza ukusuka okungu-30 phesenti noma ngaphezulu ngaphezu nangaphansi kwalokho okuhlosiwe. Ukunemba kuncike ekhwalithini nasekulungisweni kwama-analyzer aku-inthanethi, isilinganiso sokuncipha kwamaphampu okulinganisa, kanye nokulungiswa komjikelezo wokulawula. Ngama-sensor agcinwe kahle kanye nokulawula kwe-PID okuvaliwe, ukugxila okusele kuhlala kuzinzile ezinguqukweni zomthwalo, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, nokusebenza kwesikhathi sasebusuku. Ukuqinisekiswa kwevolumu kusetshenziswa ikholomu yokulinganisa kuqinisekisa umphumela wangempela wephampu. Umphumela ongokoqobo ukuthi ikhemistri ihlala ingaphakathi kwewindi layo elisebenzayo ngokuqhubekayo kunokuba kube ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ingabe uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo lokufaka amakhemikhali lungahlanganiswa nezinhlelo ezikhona zamanzi okupholisa?
Yebo, ukuhlanganiswa kuyingxenye evamile yamaphrojekthi amaningi futhi akuvamisile ukuthi kudingeke ukushintshwa kwengqalasizinda ekhona. Uhlelo lokufaka umuthi lungamukela amasignali okuhamba, okokufaka kwe-conductivity, kanye nokuxhumana kwesimo okuvela kuzilawuli ezikhona, futhi lungaxhumana nohlelo lwe-DCS noma i-SCADA yesikhungo nge-Modbus, i-Ethernet, noma i-OPC. Izindawo zokujova amakhemikhali ezikhona zivame ukusetshenziswa kabusha ngemva kokubuyekezwa kwezimo zokuxuba nokuhambisana kwezinto. Lapho uhlelo lwakudala luncike ekuhlolweni ngesandla, ukuloga kwedatha kwesilawuli esisha kunikeza isisekelo esisiza ukuqinisekisa uhlelo lokwelashwa. I-Haidi inikeza ukumephwa kwamasignali, ukucushwa, kanye nemibhalo edingekayo ukuze kube nokudluliswa okuhle. Umphumela uwukuthuthukiswa kunokushintshwa okuphazamisayo.
Yikuphi ukunakekelwa okudingwa uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo lokufaka amakhemikhali lwamanzi okupholisa ajikelezayo?
Ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kugxile ezinzwa zokuhlaziya, njengoba zinquma ukunemba kokulawula. Ama-pH probe adinga ukulinganiswa ngezikhathi ezithile ngama-buffer amasha nokuhlanjululwa ukuze kususwe uwoyela, isikali, kanye ne-biofilm. Amaseli e-conductivity, ama-ORP probe, kanye nezihlaziyi ze-chlorine esele zidinga ukuhlanjululwa nokuqinisekiswa ngezikhathi ezihambisana nekhwalithi yamanzi. Amaphampu okulinganisa kufanele ahlolwe ngokwevolumu futhi ama-valve awo nama-diaphragm ahlolwe ukuthi akagugi. Amazinga amathangi okugcina, ama-level switch, kanye nama-injection quill kufanele ahlolwe njalo ukuthi akavaleki. Izitshalo eziningi zithola ukuthi uhlelo oluhlelekile lwanyanga zonke noma lwekota, kuhlangene nokuqapha kude ukuze kutholakale ama-alamu, kugcina uhlelo luthembekile ngomzamo omncane.
I-Haidi Environment (Tianjin) CO.,LTD isekela kanjani amaphrojekthi omhlaba wonke?
UHaidi usekela amakhasimende omhlaba wonke ngedokhumenti yobunjiniyela, izinto zobuchwepheshe ezilimini eziningi, kanye nekhono lokuxilonga kude elakhelwe ngaphakathi endaweni yokulawula. Ukupakishwa kwezimpahla kanye nedokhumenti kulungiselelwa ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zendawo okuyiwa kuyo, futhi ukusekelwa kokusebenza kungahlinzekwa endaweni noma kude kuye ngephrojekthi. Amaphampu ayisipele, izinzwa, kanye nezixazululo zokulinganisa zigcinwa ukuze kuncishiswe isikhathi sokuphendula. Izilawuli ezinokufinyelela kude zivumela onjiniyela ukuthi babuyekeze idatha yamathrendi kanye nomlando wamakhwelo ngaphambi kokweluleka ngesenzo sokulungisa. Ezokufakwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, uHaidi uhlinzeka ngoqeqesho lwabasebenzi basendaweni abasebenza ngemishini kanye nabasebenzi bokulungisa ukuze uhlelo lukwazi ukusekelwa ngokuzimela isikhathi eside.
Yimaphi amapharamitha okufanele aqashwe ku-inthanethi ohlelweni lokufaka amakhemikhali emanzini apholileyo?
Amapharamitha abaluleke kakhulu yi-pH, i-conductivity, i-ORP, i-turbidity, kanye ne-residual chlorine noma i-bromine concentration. I-pH ilawula i-scale kanye ne-corrosion chemistry futhi ithinta nokusebenza kwe-biocide. I-conductivity ilandelela izinto eziqinile ezincibilikile futhi iqondisa ukulawulwa kwe-automatic blowdown. I-ORP isabela ngokushesha emsebenzini we-oxidizing biocide futhi ngokuvamile iwusizo kakhulu ekulawuleni kwesikhathi sangempela kunokuhlolwa kwe-residual kuphela. I-turbidity kanye nezinto eziqinile ezilengayo zikhombisa ukungcola kanye nokusebenza kwesihlungi. Okokufaka okungeziwe njenge-flow rate, izinga lokushisa, kanye nedatha ye-corrosion coupon kuthuthukisa izinga lokulawula. Ukukhetha isethi efanele yamapharamitha kuncike ohlelweni lokwelapha kanye nezingozi ezithile ezisendaweni yokupholisa.
Iyini inzuzo evamile yokutshalwa kwemali ohlelweni oluzenzakalelayo lokufaka amakhemikhali?
Ukufakwa kwezimboni eziningi kuthola inzuzo yokubuyisela imali ezinyangeni kunezikhathi zeminyaka. Ukonga kwamakhemikhali okuvela ekushintsheni ukweqisa okuhleliwe ngokudla okunembile ngokuvamile kusukela ku-15 kuya ku-30 ekhulwini. Ukuncishiswa kokukhishwa kwamanzi okungcolile kwehlisa zombili izindleko zokuthenga nokulahla amanzi. Izindawo zokudlulisa ukushisa ezihlanzekile zinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwephampu nekhompressor. Ukuvimbela ukuvalwa kokuhlanza nokuhluleka kwemishini kunomthelela ekongweni okukhulu okungajwayelekile okulula ukukubukela phansi. Umsebenzi owawusetshenziswa ekuhloleni ngesandla nasekulungiseni amaphampu uqondiswa emisebenzini enenani eliphakeme. Lapho zonke lezi zici zihlanganiswa, isizathu sezimali sokwenza umshini ohlelweni olubalulekile lwamanzi okupholisa ngokuvamile siyaphoqa.
Ingabe ukufaka umuthi okuzenzakalelayo kusiza ekuhambisaneni nemvelo nasekubikeni?
Yebo, ukulawulwa okuzenzakalelayo kusekela ngqo ukuhambisana nezimiso ngezindlela ezimbalwa. Ukufakwa kwe-biocide okunembile kugwema ukukhishwa okungaphezulu kwemikhawulo evunyelwe ye-oxidant esele. Ukuncishiswa komthamo wokukhipha amanzi kusho amanzi amancane, izinsalela zamakhemikhali ezimbalwa, kanye nomthwalo wokushisa omncane okhishwa emvelweni. Ukulogwa kwedatha okuqhubekayo kwakha irekhodi elihlolwayo le-pH, i-conductivity, i-oxidant esele, kanye nezehlakalo zokufaka umthamo ezicelwa ngabalawuli nabahloli ngokuya ngokuya. La marekhodi afanayo asekela ukubikwa kwezinkampani mayelana nokusimama kwamanzi namandla. Ngaphandle kokuhambisana nezimiso, idatha isiza ukukhomba ukungasebenzi kahle okungapheli okungenzeka kungaqashelwa. Ikhwalithi yemibhalo ivamise ukuba yinto enqumayo ezikhungweni ezibhekene nemvume yokukhipha amanzi eqinile.
Kufanele yini inkampani ilinganise kanjani uhlelo lokufaka amakhemikhali okuzenzakalelayo embhoshongweni wayo wokupholisa?
Ukulinganisa kokuqala kusuka kumthamo wesistimu yokupholisa, izinga lokujikeleza, izinga lamanzi okugcwalisa, kanye nemijikelezo elindelekile yokugxila. Uhlelo lokwelapha luchaza ukuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali edinga imigudu yokulinganisa ezimele nokuthi iyiphi indlela yokulawula okufanele isetshenziswe. Amaphampu okulinganisa akhethwa ukuze athole umthamo ophezulu ekusebenzeni okuphezulu kuyilapho egcina umphumela onembile ekugelezeni okuphansi, ngakho-ke isilinganiso sokuncipha sibalulekile. Amathangi okugcina kufanele ahlinzeke ngezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuzimela ngokugcinwa kwesibili lapho kudingeka khona. Amakhabethe okulawula adinga umthamo wemigudu efakiwe kanye nokwanda okunengqondo. Onjiniyela bakwa-Haidi benza lokhu kulinganisa njengengxenye yokuhlela iphrojekthi futhi bangalingisa ukuziphatha kokulawula ngaphambi kokuqaliswa okugcwele.
Kungani ukhetha i-Haidi esikhundleni sesixazululo esivamile sokufaka umuthi esisekelwe kwisikhathi?
I-timer-based dosing iletha ikhemikhali ngesikhathi esimisiwe kungakhathalekile ukuthi amanzi adinga ini ngempela, okuholela ezikhathini zokwelashwa ngokweqile nangaphansi. Indlela ye-Haidi esebenzisa amathuluzi ikala ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali emanzini ngokuqhubekayo futhi ilungisa ukondliwa ngesikhathi sangempela, igcina izinsalela zingaphakathi kwebanga lazo elisebenzayo. Inkampani ihlinzeka ngakho kokubili ikhemikhali yokwelapha kanye nemishini yokulinganisa, ngakho-ke amaphuzu okulawula kanye nohlelo lwamakhemikhali kwakhiwe ndawonye. Amapulatifomu e-PLC ne-SCADA ahlinzeka ngokuqapha kude, isaziso se-alamu, kanye nokugcinwa kwedatha yomlando. Kuhlangene nobunjiniyela obenziwe ngokwezifiso, ukuhlolwa okubhaliwe, kanye nokusekelwa kwenkonzo yomhlaba wonke, lokhu kukhiqiza izindleko eziphansi zobunikazi obuphelele kanye nokusebenza kwamanzi okupholisa okuthembekile.
Xhumana
Shiya ulwazi lwakho futhi sizokuthinta.